Activities

1. Describe the relationship between latitude and temperature.
   
   
2. Describe the relationship between physical activity and heart rate.

3. Describe the relationship between the Sun and the existence of life on Earth.
   
   
4. Describe the relationship between electricity and magnetism.

5. Describe how evidence supports the relationship between plate tectonics and landform formation.
   
   
6. Describe the relationship between Earth’s tilt and seasons. How might seasons change if its tilt on its axis was different?

Answer Key/Rubric

1. As latitude increases, temperature generally increases. The closer to the poles the latitude of a location is, the colder it is since it gets less direct rays from the sun.
   
   
2. As physical activity increases, heart rate increases since the heart is pumping more oxygen to transfer energy to muscles.

3. The Sun provides energy for plants to grow. The plants provide nutrition for animals and humans to survive, and also allows animals to get nutrition from each other. The Sun provides warmth to keep a stable and livable temperature that living things have adapted to. It also provides just the right amount of warmth that it doesn’t become too hot to evaporate all the water, or too cold to freeze.
   
   
4. Moving electrical particles create a magnetic field, and a moving magnetic field creates an electrical field.

5. Acceptable responses include, but are not limited to:

• Mountains form where plates push together
• Oceanic ridges exist where plates pull apart, and lava builds
• Oceanic trenches exist where plates push down on each other

6. Sample response: Since the Earth is tilted on its axis, the Earth experiences different seasons. When it is summer in the Northern Hemisphere, the sun’s rays are most intense above the equator. At this time, it is winter in the Southern Hemisphere, and this portion of the Earth is tilted away from the sun. When it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere, it is colder since this area is tilted away from the sun. At this time, it is the Southern Hemisphere’s summer, and the temperature is warmer and the sun’s rays are more direct. In the spring and fall, the most direct rays occur at the equatorial region.
   Sample answer for inference portion of question: If there was no tilt, the temperature in any given region would pretty much be constant throughout the year, with the equatorial region receiving the most direct sunlight year round.  If the tilt was greater, the lower latitudes would experience warmer temperatures than they currently do.