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Standard - MST4: Students will understand and apply scientific concepts, principles, and theories pertaining to the physical setting and living environment and recognize the historical development of ideas in science.
Key Idea Code - MST4.PS:
Key Idea - MST4.PS3: Matter is made up of particles whose properties determine the observable characteristics of matter and its reactivity.
Academic Level - MST4.I.PS3:
Performance Indicator - MST4.I.PS3A: Students observe and describe properties of materials, such as density, conductivity, and solubility.
Major Understandings - 3.1a : Substances have characteristic properties. Some of these properties include color, odor, phase at room temperature, density, solubility, heat and electrical conductivity, hardness, and boiling and freezing points.
Major Understandings - 3.1b : Solubility can be affected by the nature of the solute and solvent, temperature, and pressure. The rate of solution can be affected by the size of the particles, stirring, temperature, and the amount of solute already dissolved.
Major Understandings - 3.1c : The motion of particles helps to explain the phases (states) of matter as well as changes from one phase to another. The phase in which matter exists depends on the attractive forces among its particles.
Major Understandings - 3.1d : Gases have neither a determined shape nor a definite volume. Gases assume the shape and volume of a closed container.
Major Understandings - 3.1e : A liquid has definite volume, but takes the shape of a container.
Major Understandings - 3.1f : A solid has definite shape and volume. Particles resist a change in position.
Major Understandings - 3.1g : Characteristic properties can be used to identify different materials, and separate a mixture of substances into its components. For example, iron can be removed from a mixture by means of a magnet. An insoluble substance can be separated from a soluble substance by such processes as filtration, settling, and evaporation.
Major Understandings - 3.1h : Density can be described as the amount of matter that is in a given amount of space. If two objects have equal volume, but one has more mass, the one with more mass is denser.
Major Understandings - 3.1i : Buoyancy is determined by comparative densities.