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The Passing of Time

Unit Plan

The Passing of Time

Objectives

In this unit, students will understand and learn how to predict celestial patterns that occur and change over time. Students will:

  • apply the use of models as useful simplifications of objects or processes.
  • use models to demonstrate and predict the simple concepts.
  • identify what models represent.
  • identify and distinguish between human-made and natural systems.
  • understand how the Earth’s rotation on its axis causes night and day.
  • explain how time can be based on the movements of Earth in relation to the Sun, Moon, and stars.
  • recognize and understand the invention of our current and past calendars.

Essential Questions

Related Unit and Lesson Plans

Related Materials & Resources

The possible inclusion of commercial websites below is not an implied endorsement of their products, which are not free, and are not required for this lesson plan.

  • Moon pictures

http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/photogallery-moon.html

http://home.insightbb.com/~lasweb/lessons/moonorbit.htm

  • Earth and Moon Viewer

http://www.fourmilab.ch/earthview/vplanet.html

  • Science Clips: Earth, Sun, and Moon

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienceclips/ages/9_10/earth_sun_moon.shtml

Formative Assessment

  • View

    Multiple-Choice Items:

    1. Which statement best describes the Moon?

    A

    It is an object that gives Earth its light.

    B

    It is an object that moves clockwise around the Sun.

    C

    It is an object that orbits the Earth.

    D

    It is an object that the Earth orbits around.

    2. What have scientists learned by studying the Moon?

    A

    How water on its surface moves

    B

    Why it looks different during the month

    C

    How wind on its surface affects its weather

    D

    How Earth has day and night

    3. About how long does it take the Earth to travel completely around the Sun?

    A

    24 hours

    B

    365 days

    C

    60 minutes

    D

    365 months

    4. Which is an example of a human-made system?

    A

    Ocean

    B

    Solar

    C

    Television

    D

    Human body

    5. Which statement best describes why the Moon appears to shine light down on Earth?

    A

    The Moon is covered with a thin layer of ice.

    B

    The Moon has many craters.

    C

    The Moon rotates at a very high speed.

    D

    The Moon reflects the light from the Sun.

    6. Which statement best describes a model?

    A

    A model is a symbol of an object or thing.

    B

    A model is an investigation.

    C

    A model is a book of notes.

    D

    A model is a representation of something.

    7. From your experience in using models, which object best represents the Sun?

    A

    Ball

    B

    Pencil

    C

    Flashlight

    D

    Paint

    8. Which way does the Earth rotate?

    A

    Clockwise

    B

    Counterclockwise

    C

    Straight

    D

    Up and down

    9. What type of system do the Sun, Earth, and Moon demonstrate?

    A

    Natural system

    B

    Human-made system

    C

    Rotating system

    D

    Spinning system

    Multiple-Choice Answer Key:

    1. C

    2. B

    3. B

    4. C

    5. D

    6. D

    7. C

    8. B

    9. A

     

     

    Short-answer Items:

    10. What are two ways the Earth moves? Explain your answer.

     

    _______________________________          _______________________________

                                                                  and

     

    means to _________________________        means to _________________________

    _________________________________   __________________________________

    _________________________________   __________________________________

     

     

     

    11. You are taking a space journey and traveling between Earth and the Earth’s Moon. Write a paragraph about what would you see from your space ship when you look at both the Earth and the Earth’s Moon?

    Word Bank

    Earth              Moon              rotate              revolve            rotating           revolving

     

     

     


    Short-answer Scoring Rubric:

    10. What are two ways the Earth moves? Explain your answer.

    Points

    Description

    2

    • The student identifies both ways the Earth moves (i.e., rotating and revolving).
    • The student explains the reason for each way (e.g., rotating: the Earth turning on its axis, making day and night; revolving: the Earth traveling along a curved path around the Sun).

    1

    The student meets one of the above criteria.

    0

    The student does not meet any of the above criteria.

     

    11. You are taking a space journey and traveling between Earth and the Earth’s Moon. Write a paragraph about what would you see from your space ship when you look at both the Earth and the Earth’s Moon?

    Word Bank

    Earth              Moon              rotate              revolve            rotating           revolving

    Points

    Description

    3

    The student accurately identifies descriptors of the Moon and Earth, as well as descriptors unique to each. Examples include:

    • Earth: blue colors, cloud formations, land and water areas, city lights at night, only a few craters.
    • Earth’s Moon: mares, dry ocean areas, no primary colors, white/gray/dark gray/black, lots of crater impacts.
    • Rotating and revolving of the Earth.

    2

    The student accurately identifies two of the three descriptors.

    1

    The student accurately identifies one of the three descriptors.

    0

    The student does not accurately provide any descriptors for the Earth or the Earth’s Moon.

     


    Performance Assessment:

    Draw and label the Sun, Earth, and Moon. Draw the imaginary path the Earth and Moon travel around the Sun, and place arrows to show the direction each object moves.

    Performance Assessment Scoring Rubric:

    Points

    Description

    3

    The student completes these three requirements:

    • Draws and labels the Sun, Earth, and Moon.
    • Draws the path of the Earth and Moon as they travel around the Sun.
    • Places arrows to indicate the direction each object moves.

    2

    The student completes two of the requirements.

    1

    The student completes one of the requirements.

    0

    The student demonstrates lack of understanding or does not attempt to complete the assessment. 

     

DRAFT 04/25/2011
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