Standard Area - MST:
Math, Science & Technology
- Standard - MST4: Students will understand and apply scientific concepts, principles, and theories pertaining to the physical setting and living environment and recognize the historical development of ideas in science.
- Key Idea Code - MST4.PS:
- Key Idea - MST4.PS3: Matter is made up of particles whose properties determine the observable characteristics of matter and its reactivity.
- Academic Level - MST4.C.PS3:
- Course - MST4.C.PS3.CH:
- Performance Indicator - MST4.C.PS3.CH.B: Students use atomic and molecular models to explain common chemical reactions.
- Major Understandings - 3.2a : A physical change results in the rearrangement of existing particles in a substance. A chemical change results in the formation of different substances with changed properties.
- Major Understandings - 3.2b : Types of chemical reactions include synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, and double replacement.
- Major Understandings - 3.2c : Types of organic reactions include addition, substitution, polymerization, esterification, fermentation, saponification, and combustion.
- Major Understandings - 3.2d : An oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction involves the transfer of electrons (e-).
- Major Understandings - 3.2e : Reduction is the gain of electrons.
- Major Understandings - 3.2f : A half-reaction can be written to represent reduction.
- Major Understandings - 3.2g : Oxidation is the loss of electrons.
- Major Understandings - 3.2h : A half-reaction can be written to represent oxidation.
- Major Understandings - 3.2i : Oxidation numbers (states) can be assigned to atoms and ions. Changes in oxidation numbers indicate that oxidation and reduction have occurred.
- Major Understandings - 3.2j : An electrochemical cell can be either voltaic or electrolytic. In an electrochemical cell, oxidation occurs at the anode and reduction at the cathode.
- Major Understandings - 3.2k : A voltaic cell spontaneously converts chemical energy to electrical energy.
- Major Understandings - 3.2l : An electrolytic cell requires electrical energy to produce a chemical change. This process is known as electrolysis.
