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Subject Area - 3:
Science and Technology and Engineering Education
  • Standard Area - 3.3: Earth and Space Sciences
  • Organizing Category - 3.3.B: Origin and Evolution of the Universe
  • Grade Level - 3.3.4.B: GRADE 4
Standard - 3.3.4.B3

  • Distinguish between scientific fact and opinion.
  • Ask questions about objects, organisms, and events.
  • Understand that all scientific investigations involve asking and answering questions and comparing the answer with what is already known.
  • Plan and conduct a simple investigation and understand that different questions require different kinds of investigations.
  • Use simple equipment (tools and other technologies) to gather data and understand that this allows scientists to collect more information than relying only on their senses to gather information.
  • Use data/evidence to construct explanations and understand that scientists develop explanations based on their evidence and compare them with their current scientific knowledge.
  • Communicate procedures and explanations giving priority to evidence and understanding that scientists make their results public, describe their investigations so they can be reproduced, and review and ask questions about the work of other scientists.

Eligible Content:
12 Total
Assessments
  • Assessment Anchor - S4.A.3

    Systems, Models, and Patterns
    • Anchor Descriptor - S4.A.3.1 Identify systems and describe relationships among parts of a familiar system (e.g., digestive system, simple machines, water cycle).
      • Eligible Content - S4.A.3.1.1 Categorize systems as either natural or human-made (e.g., ballpoint pens, simple electrical circuits, plant anatomy, water cycle).
        • Alternate Eligible Content - S4.A.3.1.1a Identify whether a system is natural or human-made (e.g., plants vs. electrical systems).
          Alternate Eligible Content is designed for students assessed using the PA Alternate System of Assessment (PASA). Essentialized Example resources assist teachers in designing instruction that reduces content complexity while maintaining alignment to academic standards.
      • Eligible Content - S4.A.3.1.2 Explain a relationship between the living and nonliving components in a system (e.g., food web, terrarium).
      • Eligible Content - S4.A.3.1.3 Categorize the parts of an ecosystem as either living or nonliving and describe their roles in the system.
      • Eligible Content - S4.A.3.1.4 Identify the parts of the food and fiber systems as they relate to agricultural products from the source to the consumer.
    • Anchor Descriptor - S4.A.3.2 Use models to illustrate simple concepts and compare the models to what they represent.
      • Eligible Content - S4.A.3.2.1 Identify what different models represent (e.g., maps show physical features, directions, distances; globes represent Earth; drawings of watersheds depict terrain; dioramas show ecosystems; concept maps show relationships of ideas).
      • Eligible Content - S4.A.3.2.2 Use models to make observations to explain how systems work (e.g., water cycle, Sun-Earth-Moon system).
      • Eligible Content - S4.A.3.2.3 Use appropriate, simple modeling tools and techniques to describe or illustrate a system (e.g., two cans and string to model a communications system, terrarium to model an ecosystem).
    • Anchor Descriptor - S4.A.3.3 Identify and make observations about patterns that regularly occur and reoccur in nature
      • Eligible Content - S4.A.3.3.1 Identify and describe observable patterns (e.g., growth patterns in plants, weather, water cycle).
        • Alternate Eligible Content - S4.A.3.3.1a Identify patterns, cycles or trends seen in nature (e.g., seasonal, day/night, life cycles).
          Alternate Eligible Content is designed for students assessed using the PA Alternate System of Assessment (PASA). Essentialized Example resources assist teachers in designing instruction that reduces content complexity while maintaining alignment to academic standards.
      • Eligible Content - S4.A.3.3.2 Predict future conditions/events based on observable patterns (e.g., day/night, seasons, sunrise/sunset, lunar phases).
  • Assessment Anchor - S4.D.2

    Weather, Climate, and Atmospheric Processes
    • Anchor Descriptor - S4.D.2.1 Identify basic weather conditions and how they are measured.
      • Eligible Content - S4.D.2.1.1 Identify basic cloud types (i.e., cirrus, cumulus, stratus, and cumulonimbus) and make connections to basic elements of weather (e.g., changes in temperature, precipitation).
      • Eligible Content - S4.D.2.1.2 Identify weather patterns from data charts or graphs of the data (e.g., temperature, wind direction, wind speed, cloud types, precipitation).
        • Alternate Eligible Content - S4.D.2.1.2a Identify weather conditions using symbols or pictures (limited to temperature, types of precipitation, visibility, and sunlight).
          Alternate Eligible Content is designed for students assessed using the PA Alternate System of Assessment (PASA). Essentialized Example resources assist teachers in designing instruction that reduces content complexity while maintaining alignment to academic standards.
      • Eligible Content - S4.D.2.1.3 Identify appropriate instruments (i.e., thermometer, rain gauge, weather vane, anemometer, and barometer) to study weather and what they measure.
        • Alternate Eligible Content - S4.D.2.1.3a Select the appropriate tool to measure the weather (limited to temperature, wind direction, and precipitation).
          Alternate Eligible Content is designed for students assessed using the PA Alternate System of Assessment (PASA). Essentialized Example resources assist teachers in designing instruction that reduces content complexity while maintaining alignment to academic standards.
  • Assessment Anchor - S4.D.3

    Composition and Structure of the Universe
    • Anchor Descriptor - S4.D.3.1 Describe Earth’s relationship to the Sun and the Moon.
      • Eligible Content - S4.D.3.1.1 Describe motions of the Sun - Earth - Moon system.
      • Eligible Content - S4.D.3.1.2 Explain how the motion of the Sun - Earth - Moon system relates to time (e.g., days, months, years).
      • Eligible Content - S4.D.3.1.3 Describe the causes of seasonal change as they relate to the revolution of Earth and the tilt of Earth’s axis.
        Assessments
        Continuum of Activities
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