Identify and explain traffic laws related to safe driving. • Traffic controls (e.g., signs, signals, road markings) #13 • Right-of-Way • Speed regulations • Pedestrian rights and responsibilities

Identify and explain laws that relate to responsible use of a vehicle. • Vehicle registration • Insurance regulations • Vehicle/emissions inspection • Seat belts • Child safety seats • Passengers in pickup trucks

Demonstrate proper application of traffic laws.

Verify that the vehicle meets the laws relating to responsible driving.

Identify and describe the pre-trip inspection outside the vehicle. • Visual inspection of vehicle (e.g., wheels, body, lights) • Visual inspection of surroundings (e.g., front, sides, back)

Identify and describe the pre-trip preparation inside the vehicle. • Car door locks • Key in ignition • Seating position • Mirror settings (enhanced/traditional) • Communications controls (e.g., turn signals, high/low beams, flashers) • Safety devices (e.g., wipers, seat belt adjustments, head restraint) • Comfort/climate controls (e.g., heater, air conditioning, defroster) • Hand position on steering wheel

Identify and assess purpose of modern vehicle technology. • Owner’s manual specifications • Alert and warning symbols • Supplemental occupant restraint systems • Antilock Braking System (ABS) • Global Positioning System (GPS) • Electronic Stabilization Control (ESC)

Describe and explain the proper application of basic driving skills. • Staying in driving line #3 • Starting from a stop #4 • Accelerating • Managing intersections • Recognizing when to brake #7 • Making a left turn into traffic #5 • Making right turns • Driving in reverse • Making lane changes (e.g., multiple-lane roadways, merge/exit situations, passing vehicles) • Selecting a sufficient gap to enter traffic #14

Perform a pre-trip inspection outside the vehicle.

Perform pre-trip preparations inside the vehicle.

Point out and demonstrate, when appropriate, technologies related to the operation of the vehicle as stated in the owner’s manual.

Demonstrate basic driving skills.

Describe perception as a mental process that is selective and can be improved. • Visual functions: focal, useful field of vision, peripheral, depth • Projected path of travel • Scanning environment and staying in driving lane #6

Describe visual search categories for identifying risk situations. • Restrictions to path of travel • Restrictions to sightline • Traffic controls • Highway characteristics/conditions • Other highway users

Identify traffic situations and develop avoidance strategies. • Judging speed going around a curve #1 • Searching for sufficient gap before pulling out from a driveway or stop sign #8 • Reducing crash potential by adjusting speed, lane position and appropriate communication (e.g., turn signals) • Recognizing a stopped vehicle #2 • Changing speed and/or direction to avoid conflicts with sightline and path of travel restrictions • Judging speed and distances of on-coming traffic #9 • Making correct decisions at intersections by managing time and space • Applying basic driving skills to city, rural and expressway driving in various weather and roadway conditions

Perform an orderly visual search and use commentary driving to describe how the driver determines speed and lane position.

Utilize commentary driving and/or respond to questions to identify potential risks for path of travel or sightline restrictions.

Detect risk situations and make appropriate speed or lane position adjustments.

Identify and know a model of decision-making. • Stop-Think-Go • SIPDE (Search, Identify, Predict, Decide and Execute) • IPDE (Identify, Predict, Decide and Execute) • SEE (Search, Evaluate, Execute)

Identify and describe concerns when sharing the roadway. • Motorized vehicles • Non-motorized vehicles • Commercial/large vehicles • Pedestrians • Animals

Identify how emotions affect driver decisions. • Depression/Sadness • Elation • Anger • Road Rage • Fear

Describe the characteristics of the aggressive driver. • High Speed • Erratic vehicle movements • Gestures • Vocal outbursts

Identify appropriate responses to the aggressive driver. • Eye contact avoidance • Emotional detachment • Speed adjustment • Lane adjustment

Identify driver distractions and the appropriate responses to them. • Within vehicle (e.g., passengers and pets, food and drinks, cell phones and other electronics) • Outside vehicle (e.g., construction zones, people, accident and emergency vehicles)

Demonstrate a decision-making process through appropriate communication, followed by timely speed or lane position adjustment or by verbalizing the decision-making process.

Demonstrate the appropriate communication, speed and lane position responses when encountering other users of the roadway.

Adapt driving strategies to avoid or minimize inappropriate behavior while driving.

Detect and verbalize characteristics of aggressive drivers while exhibiting the characteristics of a non-aggressive driver.

Implement the appropriate communication, speed and lane position responses when encountering an aggressive driver.

Execute appropriate behaviors when encountering driving distractions.

Describe hazardous conditions and their effects on vision, motion and steering control tasks while driving. • Snow #12 • Rain #11 • Fog • Sleet/ice • Hydroplaning • Traction loss

Identify challenges of night driving and appropriate responses to them. #10 • Reduced visibility • Eye fatigue • Overdriving headlights

Identify the dangers of vehicle malfunctions. • Warning indicators (e.g., dashboard, smoke, sounds) • Failures (e.g., tires, brakes, steering) • Stuck accelerator • Engine stalls • Loss of headlights or forward vision due to vehicle malfunction

Evaluate the driving situation and adapt to the specific hazardous condition with appropriate communication, speed and lane position adjustments.

Evaluate nighttime driving challenges and adapt to the increased risk.

Respond appropriately to simulated or real vehicle malfunctions.

Know legal aspects of alcohol and other drug use. • Just saying “No” to alcoholic beverages and other drugs • Terms and meanings associated with drinking and driving • Penalties when intoxicated • Implied consent • Zero tolerance

Evaluate the factors that influence individuals to use alcohol and other drugs. • Advertising • Peer pressure • Social norms • Culture • Holidays

Define and analyze the problem of driving under the influence (DUI). • Significance of problem • Consequences • Solutions

Identify and analyze the physiological and psychological effects of alcohol on the driver. • Process of alcohol entering and exiting from the body • How alcohol affects people differently • Changes to the central nervous system

Identify and analyze the physiological and psychological effects of drugs. • Types (i.e., over-the-counter, prescription, controlled substances) • How drugs affect people differently • Changes to the central nervous system

Identify and analyze how alcohol and other drugs affect driving performance. • Impaired judgment and reasoning • Visual impairment • Slower motor skills • Increased response time • Loss of reality

Performance Expectations for 14.6. have been omitted due to safety concerns.